WHAT IS CREATIVITY AND HOW DOES THIS CREATE INNOVATIVE PEOPLE?

WHAT IS CREATIVITY AND HOW DOES THIS CREATE INNOVATIVE PEOPLE?

            Africa is in the process of evolving from an emerging economy to a middle class market economy.  For this to happen, Africa must have creative and innovative entrepreneurs to build Africa’s economy.  Creativity is the finding of a solution to a problem that was formerly, seemingly unattainable.

To make Africa into a thriving, market economy would seem to be an insurmountable task. Creative and innovative entrepreneurs that create legitimate jobs can do this. Let’s think about creativity and how it creates innovative people for a minute.

 Creativity is important because it demands innovative people.  Innovative people have the ability to connect a group of different things, different groups of information, and then place this information into a logical, understandable whole.  

The ability to innovate is the culmination of many experiences. What makes innovators different? Harvard researchers spent 6 years and interviewed three thousand executives to find out. The number one skill that separates innovators from noncreative professional is “associating”.  Associating is the ability to successfully connect seemingly unrelated questions, problems, or ideas from different fields. The more diverse our experience and knowledge, the more connections the brain can make. Fresh inputs trigger new associations. The new associations lead to new, innovative solutions to problems.

            When you ask creative people how they did something they feel a little guilty because they didn’t really do it; they just saw something. It seemed obvious to them after a while. That’s because they were able to connect experiences they’ve had and synthesize new things. The reason they were able to do that was that they’ve had more experiences or they had thought more about their experiences than other people.

 Unfortunately, creativity is too rare a commodity. A lot of people haven’t had very diverse experiences. So they don’t have enough dots to connect, and they end up with very specific solutions to the problem. The broader one understands the human experience, the more creativity they will have.

            The ability to create is based on experience from a great many different sources. You draw on those diverse experiences and then you bring the whole together. Highly creative people are skilled at making associations, connecting seemingly unrelated things. Most important very creative people make a conscious decision to do so. They don’t always know where the dots will connect, but they are confident that they will.

            At the present time, Africa is in the process of evolving from being an emerging market into becoming a middle class economy. How can this be done? It would seem out of the question that a continent such as Africa could even think of joining the family of nations as a legitimate player. Social media has changed all that.

            Social media is the creation of engaging content that another group of people would want. What is needed is a platform. We live in a world of the smart phones. In the world that we live in, a creative African fashion designer could very easily create African dresses that are desired by Western audiences. She could place these designs on YouTube, and be an overnight (literally) success. A scenario that I have stated is not out of the question.

Dean Hambleton

dnhambleton@gmail.com

WHAT IS INNOVATION AND HOW DO YOU ACHIEVE IT?

WHAT IS INNOVATION AND HOW DO YOU ACHIEVE IT?

            At the present time, the continent of Africa is on the move economically. It is attempting to move from being an emerging market to being a middle class economy. Africa has the desire to be a significant player in the globalized economy. We are seeing the emergence of the African Gorillas.

If this is going to happen, African is going to need entrepreneurs to create jobs. Jobs are the key to Africa’s development. Foreign aid has a chilling effect on a society. It makes a nation and a people dependent. When people are gainfully employed, if frees them.  This is why jobs are so critical to the development of Africa. Innovation is the key to development of Africa.

 Let’s just ask a basic question, “What is innovation”? “How is it achieved?”       Innovation is the creating of “cool stuff”. This cool stuff is both necessary and unnecessary. Some things are cool, but not necessary, like jewelry or fashion, but they are nice thing to have.

Innovation is the bringing to life of Robert Kennedy’s quote, “People see things and ask ‘why’ and “how” and “can we, I wonder”.  An innovator will see things and ask ‘why not’.  To create innovation, you also have to create a culture for it.

            Innovation is the outdoing of the competition. Innovation does create competitive advantage for both a company, and also for a continent, such as Africa.

            To be entrepreneurial, you must constantly engender new ideas. Good ideas happen whenever you have thinking people. How are they created? Receptiveness and reward are ways to engage people to give their best and feel they have a stake in the company.  Through ideas, people challenge one another in a way that is not overwhelming. A leader will inspire competition and inspiration by showing their confidence that each person in the organization can express creativity in his or her own way. This new idea may be in product design, product usage. It may be in anything that involves the organization.

Innovation is mostly done by seeing how people use the product.  Creativity and innovation is “hands-on” but it is also “hands off”.  It is observing “what works” and “what doesn’t work”. It is about honesty, and the foregoing of silos.

            There is a “gotta”.  You “gotta” have a culture for this to work. You have to encourage people to discover new things, to see things differently. People in a professional culture have to be open to new things. Creativity takes leadership. Creativity is not just allowing people in an organization to just go off in their own direction. There must be at least some “adult supervision” for creativity to be developed.

            You “gotta” allow people to make mistakes, because they will. You are dealing with new things. When something is new, no one really knows if the thing will work. 

            In creating a culture for creativity, the wisdom of crowds is imperative. Through encouraging employees and their ideas, you get a grassroots intelligence network. Employees will focus on new things in that are in marketplace. They and their work teams will talk about them, discuss their advantages and shortcomings, test them, play with them…and then wonder, “What can we do that is better?” From these discussions, new products will be developed. A benchmark for innovative companies is Google. They are encouraged to think of new things. These new things are discussed. They are then developed and created. Google Maps was created in this manner.

Dean Hambleton

dnhambleton@gmail.com

WHY IS THE APPLE OPERATING SYSTEM CRITICAL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICA?

            The Apple Operating system is critical to the development of Africa because the system revolves around elegant products that make information technology simple to use. At the present time, African economies are on the move. Africa is quickly evolving from being an emerging market into a middle class economy.

            These economies are now called the African Gorillas. The Gorillas are   analogous to the Asian Tigers of the 1980s. These were emerging economies that leveraged a common platform, the Pacific Ocean, to create middle class economies that are major players in the contemporary global market place. The Tigers used the Pacific Ocean to create export driven economies which are the key to their success. The Gorillas have social media. Social Media allows a person or a country that has content of some kind, to move that content anywhere around the world. The limitations of space, time, and capital do not exist in a social media era. What is needed is an operating system that can be used to minimize the limitations that present African economies possess.

            Large amounts of African populations are illiterate. This seeming overwhelming limitation is a non factor if you have an operating system that is based on easy to read graphics and icons. The Apple operating system does this. Apple’s approach to development and design is to achieve the very most with the very least. The system relentlessly focuses on customer experience and avoids anything that will compromise an elegant experience.

            Simplicity and accessibility are the two criteria for the Apple Operating system.  This is why this system is critical in the development of contemporary Africa. This is where Apple’s philosophy is in contrast to a lot of technology companies.

            The products that most Western companies develop do not emphasize user convenience and experience. Apple’s products are not just a collection of parts. In product development every detail is refined and if something does not belong there, it is eliminated. The iPod was not the first digital music player.  The many devices before the iPod had many buttons and dials that appealed to gadget obsessed geeks with the time to figure out how to work them.  The iPod was elegant, attractive, and sleek. It was a digital juke box that held 1,000 songs and yet fit into your hand. If you wanted a song, it was a simple few clicks away.  The iPod was simple, easy, and natural.

            This is the system that Africa needs. They need a basic, open, operating system,  that developers can create applications for as the need develops. The African applications are geared toward African market. The applications are simple and may appeal to a Western market. The applications can then be marketed to Western markets. If the content is popular, you now have a very successful software company operating in Africa, employing Africans at middle class wages.

Dean Hambleton

dnhambleton@gmail.com

HOW RWANDA CAN PARTNER WITH APPLE TO CREATE A MIDDLE CLASS

                The nation of Rwanda wants to forsake its sordid past, look ahead, and create a future for its people. Rwanda’s President Paul Kagame  is partnering with Western entrepreneurs to create jobs in his country. President Kagame’s vision is to lure private investment to Rwanda, train a new generation of managers and “in country” entrepreneurs, and join the global economy as a charter member in good standing. The ultimate goal is to move the country away from foreign aid. President Kagame’s model is the Asian Tigers of the 1980s. The Tigers were South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong.

            The Tigers were overpopulated, had little reserves, and they were overpopulated. They are similar to present day Africa. The Tigers biggest asset was the Pacific Ocean. This allowed the Tigers to create an export economy. This export economy allowed the Tigers to create a middle class economy and to join the modern world. The Tigers evolved from being an emerging economy to being a significant economic player in the world global system. This is President Kagame’s vision for Africa. President Kagame has a vision for the development of the African Gorillas.  These are a group of African nations that want to create strong, middle class, entrepreneurial economies that create jobs. Africa is an emerging economy. President Kagame’s vision is that Africa will stop being an international state and become a strong player in the globalized economy. 

            The Tigers had the Ocean. The Gorillas have two assets in a creating a middle class economy. They have social media and they have personal relationships with major western entrepreneurs. Social media creates great scale, and content is allowed to move easily and quickly.  If apps can be localized, those apps can penetrate rich diverse global markets.

            A strong wireless telecom network is a must for President Kagame as he tries to build Rwanda’s economy. This is where relationships come into play. An entrepreneur that is partnering with Rwanda is Scott Ford. Mr. Ford is the former head of Alltel Wireless. This company developed a large wireless network in the rural South, which is similar to Rwanda.

            Rwanda needs cell phones for its development to take off, but they need cell phones of a certain type. They have to have smart phones, but dressed down smart phones. It is the development of these specialized smart phones that may hold a key to Rwanda’s development.

            There is a new concept that has developed entitled reverse innovation. In years past, organizations would develop products for mature western markets, and then simplify (dumb down) the product for Third World Markets. Reverse innovation is when simple products are developed in a Third World country and then is sold in a Western Economy. Many times there is a market for this simple version of a larger product.

            In the case of Smart Phones, not everyone needs the tens of thousands Apps on a conventional I Phone. Rwanda needs a simple phone, with ease of use. Rwanda has a population which is 50% under the age of 16. The population has limited conventional educational exposure. The Rwandan smart phone must have simple, easy to understand touch graphics. Many Rwandans are illiterate.

Apple could partner with Rwanda, develop and manufacture a simple I phone. This phone could be an example of classic reverse innovation. There is a vast market for Apple in the States for a simple, smart phone. For Rwanda to develop as a middle class economy, a manufacturing base must be created in Rwandan cities. Presently 80% of Rwandans are subsidence farmers.

The Rwandan smart phone could be manufactured in Rwanda, and marketed in both the U. S. and Rwanda. Labor prices in Rwanda would be low in comparison to the U.S., but the manufacturing base would be the beginning of a Rwandan middle class. An operation such as this would create sustainable job s in Rwanda. This is only a simple way of describing a way in which Rwanda and the rest of the African Gorillas could join the global economy. Obviously, the devil would be in the details.

Dean Hambleton

dnhambleton@gmail.com

WHAT IS THE PROCESS RWANDA IS USING TO CREATE A MARKET ECONOMY?

           

            Rwanda is attempting to create a market economy by developing relationships with Western entrepreneurs. Rwanda is an example of how social media has changed the paradigm on which the globalized economy now operates.

            Social media operates on the basis of strong relationships. The relationship is based on something more than just knowing someone. The relationships are deep.  The relationships are the equivalent of human friendships.  People do not trust brands---but they trust their friends.  This relationship is critical to the development of Rwanda.

            If Rwanda is going to succeed as a country, it must create jobs. The nation has a huge population per square mile. It is the equivalent in size to the state of Vermont, but it has 16 times the number of people. It is a very young population. Half of the population is 16 or under. Foreign aid is a massive failure. It just subsidizes people, it doesn’t support them.  It can’t. The government can’t hire everyone.

            Rwanda has significant limitations in its infrastructure.  Nine of every 10 adults are a subsistence farmer. The present per capita income is only a dollar day. Rwanda has no oil and few mineral. The great asset that Rwanda has is a President who has great people skills and who has the ability to create relationships.

            President Robert Kagame is a benchmark for the job skills that a leader must have in our social media era. Mr. Kagame must attract entrepreneurs to Rwanda who will then encourage other brother and sister entrepreneurs to follow. Rwanda has a terrible brand. In 1994 it  was the site of one of the worst massacres in history in which 1/8 of its entire population was murdered in a month. Mr. Kagame must use other people, customers to brand his nation for him.  This is a significant fact of modern branding in a social media era. Other people must brand your product for you, for no other reason than they just plain “like” your product. This is a very crucial and interesting fact for a modern marketer to focus on.

            To create these relationships, Mr. Kagame sends fact-finding missions to Asia. He pursues Rwandan professionals in exile who left during Rwanda’s dark days. He speaks at Google and Facebook. He meets personally with American entrepreneurs. One thing that Mr. Kagame does that is interesting is that he has created a strong relationship with the American Evanglical community. He has created a strong network of people who are willing to invest in Rwanda. It is beginning to pay off.

            Rwanda has a Presidential Advisory Council has become a high-level, low-profile dispatch team and brain trust. All 16 members---10 are non-Rwandan---are stars in their sectors, from life sciences, telecom, economic development, and consulting. They meet twice a year, once in Kigali and once in New York for strategy sessions. Some of the people involved in this advisory group are Michael Porter, the Harvard Professor, Eric Schmidt of Google, Tony Blair, RealNetworks founder Rob Glaser, former Alltel CEO Scott Ford. An interesting member of President Kagame’s advisory council is Rich Warren, the Evangelical pastor who wrote the best-selling book, “The Purpose Driven Life”.

            Mr. Warren is an interesting personality to be engaged in this Rwandan endeavor. In addition to being a well-known spiritual leader, he is also rich now that his book has sold so well. The mere presence of Mr. Warren on the council creates a strong brand for Rwanda.

            Mr. Kagame’s goal is to create jobs. In doing this, he hopes to create a legitimate middle class in Rwanda. His plan is only in its early stages. He is enjoying some successes.

            In the 1980’s,  the Asian Tigers created middle class economies in Asia. Leaders such as Mr. Kagame are creating the African Gorillas. This force has the potential to be a significant factor in the global economy.

Dean Hambleton

dnhambleton@gmail.co

HOW CAN THE 'AFRICAN GORILLAS' BECOME A FORCE IN THE GLOBALIZED ECONOMY

?

             In the 80’s the world economy was fueled by the Asian Tigers. These were export led economies that created a strong middle class in their countries. Today, we have the African Gorillas who want to do the same thing.  The African Gorillas have the potential to become significant players in the global economy.  Let us use Rwanda as an example of how the African Gorillas are trying to develop. The West has spent $1 trillion on aid to Africa over the past 4 decades. This has not built strong economies because aid doesn’t create jobs. It creates dependency.  Job creation is critical for a nation like Rwanda. Half of its population is under 18. If Rwanda is to create a middle class, job creation has to be emphasized. The government can’t hire all these people. Unless jobs are there, eventually civil unrest will develop. The means that Rwanda and the rest of the African Gorillas desire to develop is through outside investment using private entrepreneurs.

Rwanda wants investment because they want to build the build a business environment and infrastructure that is needed to create a strong middle class. Rwanda desires investment and eschews aid, although presently aid makes up half of Rwanda’s budget. Investment is a driver of economy and aid saps the economy. The mistake that a lot of third world countries make is that they receive foreign aid. Foreign aid does not work because it doesn’t create jobs.

                        Rwanda has some severe limitations in creating a middle class. It is landlocked, and largely deforested, and 90% of its population is subsistence farmers. The biggest asset that Rwanda is its President, Paul Kagame This is a nation that is led by a President who wants to make his country business friendly.

            President Kagame has lofty goals. He wants to boost GDP sevenfold, find paying jobs for half of Rwanda’s subsistence farmers, nearly quadruple per capita income to $900, and turn his country into an African center for technology, all by 2020. Creating a strong technological base is key to Rwanda and the rest of the African Gorillas. Rwanda has committed 5% of its GDP in science and technology by 2012.

            Rwanda’s strategy revolves around brand reversal. This strategy involves having key entrepreneurs from the west invest, have successful experiences in Rwanda, and attract newer investors through networking. Social media is a key ingredient to the development of the African Gorillas. Facebook has approximately ¼ of the world on their site. If ¼ of the world understand that Africa is great place to invest, it is the hope of the Gorillas that the world will come to Africa and help them develop their continent.

            The strategy of the African Gorillas is this. Anyone with a big idea, a smart phone, and an app can now connect with a worldwide market and build a brand.  By partnering with Western investors, the Gorillas hope to adapt products to African needs and cultures, build strong middle-class communities, and bring their continent to the point that Africa is part of an interconnected world.

Dean Hambleton

dnhambleton@gmail.com

"THE AFRICAN GORILLAS": THE NEXT EMERGING MARKET AND WHY IT IS IMPORTANT IN A SOCIAL MEDIA AGE

THE ‘AFRICAN GORILLAS’: THE NEXT EMERGING MARKET AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT IN A SOCIAL MEDIA AGE?

           

            American markets are beginning to become saturated. American companies must find larger, newer markets to create the revenue streams their stockholders are demanding. In a globalized economy it is imperative that newer markets become developed.

            Africa has great potential for American entrepreneurs. To create value in emerging markets, ease of use on social media networks has to be either created or developed. The easier that content can be accessed and shared, the more valuable the economic market is going to be.

            Africa has the best potential of any emerging market. Africa is the second most populous continent. It possesses 15% of the world’s market. This continent cannot be ignored if new markets are to be created.

            In the creation of new markets, telecom development is critical. Let’s use the United States as a benchmark.  Ninety per cent of Americans are within 3 feet their phones 24 hours a day. Phones are always “on”. The phone is a critical instrument in marketing products in the U.S. Our smart phones, which can easily access social media networks, make the marketing of products simple. Time and distance are no longer factors in marketing. A product, with smart phones, and social media networks, can be marketed in real time.

            In the same way that the Asian Tigers arose as export-led, middle-income economies in the 20th Century that fueled global growth we are now seeing the emergence of the African Gorillas that have the potential to fuel world-wide growth. A major asset in this growth is going to be social media networks. Social media networks can move content at the speed of thought. Social networks create speed and scale. Social media was not a tool that the Asian Tigers had available to them in the ‘80s.

            Let us look at the telecom networks of Africa.  Telecom is critical in development of emerging markets. Markets revolve on speed. There is nothing faster than texting. People read 90% of their texts. Texting is the equivalent to speaking to someone in real time. Texting is critical in the development of the African Gorillas because content can be now be shared at the speed of thought.

            Telecom companies in Africa have added 316 million subscribers which is more than the entire American population. Because of its telecom development, Africa offers a higher rate of return on investment than any other emerging network.

            The sweet spot for marketers is the 18-32 age group who live in metropolitan areas. This group  is young, growing, and migrating to cities. Today, 40% of Africa live in the city. This is a higher percentage than in India which is seen as an attractive market.

            Workers in cities earn higher pay, and can afford to buy more goods and services than just the simple necessities of food and shelter. Africa is developing a significant middle class. In 2008, sixteen million African household had incomes above $20,000. This level of income allowed Africans to buy cars, houses, appliances, and branded products. Another 27 million households earned $10,000-$20,000.  Another 41 million households reported incomes between $5000-$10,000, the level at which families start spending more than half their incomes on non-food items. The future promises a continued expanded market. By 2020, the total number of households in all three segments will reach 128 million, which will make Africa one of the fastest growing consumer markets in the world for this decade. The African Gorillas are coming of age.

Dean Hambleton

dnhambleton@gmail.com